Planning For Nature In The City: A Temporal Analysis Of Landscape Change At The Mouth Of The Don River In Toronto, Canada

This paper critically examines the relationship between nature and the city at the mouth of the Don River in Toronto, Canada, through current and historical waterfront planning analysis at the site. An investigation of the patterns and processes restricting responsible planning of natural systems and the resulting changes to the landscape is central to this analysis, from the infilling of marshland in Ashbridge's Bay at the beginning of the 20th century, to the proposed Don Mouth Naturalization Plan (DMNP) currently in development. While historical accounts of Toronto's waterfront detail the river mouth's alteration over time, omitted from the literature is an analysis that encapsulates how the current naturalization efforts align with trends of the site's history, and what this infers about the value and management of natural systems as part of a modern-day urban waterfront. In a comparison of different time scales, this paper reflects on anthropogenic alteration at the river mouth and discusses how natural systems at the site are particularly influenced by interrelated factors of competition and economic prosperity, governance, stakeholder priorities, environmental threats, and port "functionality". The methodology used to complete this analysis consists of a literature review of urban and landscape ecology theory, an evaluation of waterfront planning history at the site, and ethnographic interviews to link historical narratives together in the context of urban-natural systems. This research reflects the realities associated with implementing naturalization within a functional urban landscape, with implications for other waterfront cities experiencing similar transitions as post-industrial landscapes

Orthogonal Selection and Fixing of Coordination Self-Assembly Pathways for Robust Metallo-organic Ensemble Construction

Supramolecular construction strategies have overwhelmingly relied on the principles of thermodynamic control. While this approach has yielded an incredibly diverse and striking collection of ensembles, there are downsides, most obviously the necessity to trade-off reversibility against structural integrity. Herein we describe an alternative “assembly-followed-by-fixing” approach that possesses the high-yielding, atom-efficient advantages of reversible self-assembly reactions, yet gives structures that possess a covalent-like level of kinetic robustness. We have chosen to exemplify these principles in the preparation of a series of M₂L₃ helicates and M₄L₆ tetrahedra. While the rigidity of various bis­(bidentate) ligands causes the larger species to be energetically preferred, we are able to freeze the self-assembly process under “non-ambient” conditions, to selectivity give the disfavored M₂L₃ helicates. We also demonstrate “kinetic-stimuli” (redox and light)-induced switching between architectures, notably reconstituting the lower energy tetrahedra into highly distorted helicates

Preparation and Use of Preconstructed Orders, Order Sets, and Order Menus in a Computerized Provider Order Entry System

Objective: To describe the configuration and use of the computerized provider order entry (CPOE) system used for inpatient and outpatient care at the authors' facility. Design: Description of order configuration entities, use patterns, and configuration changes in a production CPOE system. Measurements: The authors extracted and analyzed the content of order configuration entities (order dialogs, preconfigured [quick] orders, order sets, and order menus) and determined the number of orders entered in their production order entry system over the previous three years. The authors measured use of these order configuration entities over a six-month period. They repeated the extract two years later to measure changes in these entities. Results: CPOE system configuration, conducted before and after first production use, consisted of preparing 667 order dialogs, 5,982 preconfigured (quick) orders, and 513 order sets organized in 703 order menus for particular contexts, such as admission for a particular diagnosis. Fifty percent of the order dialogs, 57% of the quick orders, and 13% of the order sets were used within a six-month period. Over the subsequent two years, the volume of order configuration entities increased by 26%. Conclusions: These order configuration steps were time-consuming, but the authors believe they were important to increase the ordering speed and acceptability of the order entry software. Lessons learned in the process of configuring the CPOE ordering system are given. Better understanding of ordering patterns may make order configuration more efficient because many of the order configuration entities that were created were not used by clinician

X-ray Observations of Optically Selected Giant Elliptical-Dominated Galaxy Groups

We present a combined optical and X-ray analysis of three optically selected X-ray bright groups with giant elliptical galaxies in the center. These massive ellipticals were targeted for XMM-Newton X-ray observations based on their large velocity dispersions and their proximity to a nearby ROSAT X-ray source. Additionally, these targets are significantly brighter in the optical than their nearest neighbors. We show that one of these systems meets the standard criteria for a fossil group. While the other two systems have a prominent magnitude gap in the E/S0 ridgeline, they do not appear to have reached the fossil-like final stage of group evolution.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in Ap

Critically Understanding and Engaging with the (Micro)Political Dimensions of Coaches’ Work in an Advanced Undergraduate Coaching Course

In this chapter, we provide an overview of “why” and “how” we have chosen to integrate elements of Social Inquiry (SI) and Project-Based Learning (PBL) to facilitate university student-coaches’ active engagement with the (micro)political dimensions of coaching. We begin by briefly defining the concept of (micro)politics and outline why we believe this topic should occupy a more prominent place in coach education curricula than it has to date. We then introduce a hybrid approach joining PBL and SI, and describe how their combination has utility for enhancing the critical thinking and professional judgment of student-coaches. Following this, we describe how we have utilized this approach with student-coaches in a final-year undergraduate coaching module. While we believe this hybrid approach has many merits, we acknowledge that it is just one way, among many, to facilitate learning

Fear, anger, and loneliness: Emotional pain and referee attrition in English grassroots football

This interpretive study provides original insights into the socioemotional experiences that contributed to referee attrition in English grassroots football. Data were generated using an online survey (n = 251) and in-depth interviews (n = 20) with former referees. Using complementary symbolic interactionist and relational conceptualizations of identity, social interaction, and emotional pain, the analysis addressed the participants’ interpretations of their problematic encounters with the various significant others (e.g., coaches, managers, players, spectators, and administrators) that comprised their respective social networks in grassroots football. Importantly, the participants described several emotionally painful issues related to match day environments, disciplinary proceedings, and deployment and development processes that simultaneously coexisted alongside and exacerbated one another. The findings present important implications for those individuals and governing bodies who are responsible for referee retention

Hypercapnic Acidosis Reduces Oxidative Reactions in Endotoxin-Induced Lung Injury

Hypercapnic acidosis frequently occurs when patients with acute lung injury are initially ventilated with low tidal volume protective strategies. Hypercapnic acidosis per se, in the absence of any change in tidal volume or airway pressure, is protective when instituted before the onset of injury. However, the mechanisms by which hypercapnic acidosis confers this protection are incompletely understood, in particular, the effects on pulmonary oxidative reactions, which are potent mediators of tissue damage, have not been previously examined in vivo

Catalytic Activity and Fluxional Behavior of Complexes Based on RuHCl(CO)(PPh₃)₃ and Xantphos-Type Ligands

With RuHCl(CO)(PPh3)3 as the starting material, the complexes RuHCl(CO)(PPh3)(L) were prepared for L = Xantphos and closely related ligands. Their catalytic activity in the direct amination of cyclohexanol showed large differences depending on the different backbone structures. In those complexes the Xantphos-type ligand backbones are slightly bent and display fluxionality, studied by VT-NMR. This was assigned to the "flipping" of the backbone via the bridging atoms in the xanthene backbone. Via line shape analysis of the peaks, the Gibbs free energy of activation of the flipping movement was found to be around 56 kJ/mol in all cases. However, the activation enthalpy and entropy differed considerably. Employing RuCl2(PPh3)3 as the precursor resulted in the trans-coordinated complexes RuCl2(PPh3)(L) for L = Xantphos, Sixantphos. Fluxionality was no longer observed, due to the fact that in these complexes the O atom in the backbone also coordinates to the Ru

Phthalocyanine-polyoxotungstate lanthanide double deckers

Acetate ligand metathesis results in the first hybrid [MIII(Pc)(PW11O39)]6− (M = Y, Dy, Tb) double-decker scaffolds, where a phthalocyanate (Pc2−) and one of the conceptually most simple polyoxotungstates, a monolacunary Keggin cluster, are interlinked via a single rare earth ion. Characterisation includes high-resolution mass spectrometry, synchrotron-based single-crystal X-ray diffraction, various spectroscopic and electrochemical methods, and magnetic studies revealing slow relaxation of the magnetisation for the Dy derivate